Ncert Resources and Development Class 10 notes 2024 Geography Chapter 1 Question Answer

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Ncert Resources and Development Class 10 notes Geography Chapter 1 Question Answer

Class	10th
Chapter	01
Chapter Name	Resources and Development
Board	cbse
Book	NCERT
Subject	History
Medium	English
Study Materials	Question Answer

very short answers type questions

1. Classify resources on the basis of exhaustibility.

Answer- Renewable and non-renewable.

2. What are 2 resources?

Ans- All the resources that humans use for economic development are called ‘resources’ such as soil, forest, and tomorrow-factory.

3 What are natural resources?

Answer- All those things provided by nature which are used by humans are called natural resources. Like- day, land, mountain, plateau, etc.

4. How many types of natural resources are there?

Ans- Natural resources are of two types, organic and inorganic, land, water, and housing are inorganic resources, while forests, animals, and animals are organic resources.

Give four examples of man-made resources.

Answer- Examples of man-made resources-

(a) dams, (b) industries, (c) machines, (d) houses.

6 What are renewable resources? Give two examples of this.

Answer- All those resources which never expire and after use once can be obtained again in a fixed time are called renewable resources.

Two examples of renewable resources- are (a) water, and (b) plants, and animals.

7 What are non-renewable resources? Give two examples of this.

Answer – All those resources which get exhausted after one use and cannot be obtained again within a certain period of time are called non-renewable resources.

Two examples of non-renewable resources-

(a) Minerals,

(b) Gas and coal

8. Name two sources of conventional energy. Answer – (a) Coal, (b) Petroleum. Why is the conservation of resources necessary?

Answer- There are some resources on the earth that do not end. There are also some resources that can end at any time. Conservation of exhaustible resources is necessary, such as petroleum, coal, etc. If these resources are not protected then problems may arise for the coming generations.

9. Give two examples of biotic and abiotic resources.

Answer – Forest and animals are biotic resources whereas land, water, soil, etc. are abiotic resources.

10 Why is planning needed?

Answer: Resources are limited. Their distribution in our country is uneven. Therefore, planning is necessary for the development of resources. There are three levels of resource planning-

(a) preparation for the exploration of resources,

(b) availability of resources for development

11 What is meant by sustainable development?

Answer- Sustainable economic development means that development should be done without harming the environment and the present development process should not ignore the needs of future generations.

Resources and Development Class 10 notes

Class 10th VVI Notes

class 10th Notes	MCQ
History	Political Science
English	Hindi
HOME	CLASS 10

12 How many types of alluvial soils are there on the basis of age?

Answer- On the basis of age, alluvial soils are of two types-

(a) Old alluvium (Bangar),

(b) New alluvium (Khadar).

The amount of ‘Kandar’ glands is more in Bangar soil.

More fine particles are found in Khadar soil as compared to Bangar soil.

13 What is the main reason for the degradation of land in Punjab?

The main reason for land degradation in Uran-Punjab is excessive irrigation.

14 Which type of God is found on the river deltas of the east coast? What are the three main characteristics of this type of soil?

Alluvial mud is found in the river deltas of the northeast coast. The main characteristics of this type of soil are-

(a) Alluvial soil is formed from the sediments brought by the rivers.

(b) Alluvial soil is suitable for all crops and is sufficient.

15 How is soil formed?

Answer- Soil erosion occurs in many ways such as-

(a) sediments brought by rivers,

(b) from volcanic eruptions,

16. Name three states where black soil is found. Which crop is mainly grown on it?

Answer – Three states where black soil is found – Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, mainly cotton crop is grown in such soil.

17 What are biotic and abiotic resources? Give example.

Answer-Biological resources are those in which life prevails, such as humans, animals, and plants, etc. Abiotic resources are those that are made from non-living things. For example, rocks and metals, etc.

18 How does soil erosion take place?

Answer – Soil erosion is caused by flowing water and wind. Soil erosion is also more in areas of high rainfall and in mountainous areas.

19. What is meant by soil erosion or land degradation?

Answer- Due to some natural reasons (such as soil erosion etc.) and human activities, the land is becoming infertile. This is called soil erosion. Deforestation and overgrazing of animals are the two main reasons for this.

20. Write two characteristics of black soil.

Answer: Two characteristics of black soil-

(a) The moisture-holding capacity of this soil is high. (b) Its nutrients are calcium carbonate, potash, magnesium carbonate, and lime.

Short answer Type questions

1 What steps are needed to prevent soil erosion in hilly areas?

Answer – To prevent soil erosion in hilly areas, the following steps are needed-

(a) Forest plantation or plantation of trees in large quantity can be stopped in the process of erosion. Planting trees on barren land and hill slopes proves to be more beneficial. Wind erosion can also be prevented in this manner.

(b) Gully erosion can be prevented by making terraced fields on the mountain pulses. Due to this, proper use of water flow can be done.

(c) By making dams on the mountain slopes, water flow can be properly used for agriculture. Earthen check dams can stop the spread of gullies (or deep ditches formed by water).

(d) For land conservation, it is necessary to recognize the spread of soil erosion and adopt appropriate methods to stop it.

(e) Another means of preventing soil erosion is that grazing by animals, especially in hilly areas, should not exceed the limit.

2 Describe the land use pattern in India. What is the reason for the absence of a significant increase in the area under forest from the year 1960-61?

Abstract: Land is an important natural resource because most human needs are met directly or indirectly from the land. Hence human prosperity is possible only through the proper use of land. The present form of land use in India is the result of the geomorphological structure, climate, soil, and human activities. The total geographical area of India is 32.8 lakh sq km! • Of which only 93% of land use data is available. The details are as follows-:

(a) Agriculture is done on 51% of the total area of India, if fallow land is also included in it, it increases to about 5496

(b) The share of land under forests is about 22% which is much less than the 33% required for ecological balance.

(c) There is 4% of pasture land in our country. Although India has the largest number of animals in the world. Therefore, the pasture land is also less in proportion to the number of animals.

(d) About 6.2% of the land is barren land which is unfit for agriculture. (e) In addition, the rest of the land is used for non-agricultural purposes such as settlements, cities, rivers, ponds, roads, railways, temples, mosques, etc. The following are the reasons for the non-significant increase in the area under forests since the years 1960-61-

(a) Due to rapid population growth in India, the land is being used to support the additional population.

(b) Forests have been cut down indiscriminately and relatively fewer new trees have been planted.

(c) Due to the expansion of industries, mining, development of multipurpose river valley projects, forests have been degraded.

(d) Due to the expansion of cities, settlements, roads, and railways, there has been an increase in the forest area.

3 How did technological and economic development lead to the overuse of resources?

Ans- (a) More use of resources is related to technological and economic development. Due to the development of technology, the exploitation of resources became possible on a large scale, and more and more resources were required for economic development.

(b) Availability of resources in itself cannot lead to development unless technology or skill is developed to make use of it. As technology progressed, the resources were exploited on a large scale.

(d) The exploitation of resources took place on a large scale during the colonial period as the imperialist countries exploited the resources through their high technology. This strengthened the economic condition of the imperialist countries. Even though the colonies did not get their benefit.

4. What is land degradation or land degradation? Explain any four causes of land degradation.Or, What is meant by soil erosion?

Answer- Due to natural and man-made reasons, the continuous decrease in soil fertility or fertility is known as land degradation or land degradation.

The following are the causes of land degradation-

(a) Land erosion- Land erosion is the main factor of land degradation. Wind, water, glaciers, etc. destroy the upper layer of the land, which is known as land erosion. This reduces the fertility of the soil.

(b) Land pollution – Due to the polluted water coming out of the industries and the garbage lying in the same place for a long time, the essential elements of the land get depleted and the land does not remain fit for use. This is known as land pollution.

(c) Defective farming method – The fertility of the soil also decreases by the production of many crops on the same land.

(d) Animal grazing and deforestation- Due to overgrazing by animals and indiscriminate cutting of forests, land is degraded, that is, its fertile power decreases.

(e) Industry Business- Grinding of limestone for the cement industry, breaking of rocks by crushers and porcelain-making industries, a large amount of dust gets deposited in the fields, as a result of which the fertility of the soil decreases. Is.

5. Give some measures to prevent soil erosion or soil erosion.

Answer – Measures to prevent soil erosion or soil erosion-

(a) The amount of soil erosion can be reduced by doing terrace farming in hilly areas.

(b) Land erosion can be prevented by planting trees around the desert area.

(d) Soil erosion can also be controlled by alternating cultivation of different crops on the same land.

(e) By using screwer machines in industrial units, dust does not accumulate in the fields, and soil erosion is reduced.

(f) Soil erosion can be controlled by using a separator filter to take out the polluted water coming out of the industries.

6 What do you understand by soil conservation? Why is soil conservation necessary?

Answer – Preventing soil erosion and maintaining its original properties is called soil conservation.

India is an agricultural country. Soil has a special contribution in making it agricultural. Indian soil is very fertile, deep, and diverse, due to which not only different types of crops are grown in India, but it can become the world’s leading exporting country in the production and export of many crops. All this is possible when we keep protecting our soil equally.

7 What is the importance of natural wealth or resources?

Answer – Importance of natural wealth or resources – (a) They are the main means of our agricultural activities.

(b) They provide raw materials for our industries.

(d) They maintain natural beauty and play an important role in maintaining balance with the different organisms of the biosphere.

8 What are the different bases of classification of resources?

Answer- Classification of resources can be done on the following basis-

(a) On the basis of origin biotic and abiotic

(b) renewable and non-renewable on the basis of maturity

(d) On the basis of the level of development.

Discuss the need of the conservation of resources.

Answer – There has been a continuous use of resources due to the growth of population and economic development. If this rate of consumption continues, then one-day economic development will stop and the existence of human civilization will be in danger. Therefore, the conservation of resources has become essential. The need for the conservation of resources is due to the following reasons-

(a) Due to human habitation, land has become scarce in the settled regions. Houses are being built on land used for agriculture. Therefore, it has become necessary that the available land should be used in a planned manner.

(b) Due to the continuous use of underground water, the water level has gone down, due to which agriculture is being badly affected. Therefore, the conservation of groundwater has become necessary.

(c) The environment is getting polluted due to the continuous harvesting of forests, if attention is not paid to the conservation of forests, then the pollution will increase so much that human life will be in danger.

(d) It would be impossible to set up and run factories without mineral resources and power resources. Therefore, the use of mineral resources has to be done very judiciously.

10 What are the main types of resources on the basis of ownership?

Answer – On the basis of ownership, resources are divided into the following parts-

(a) Personal resources- land, houses, gardens, etc. under personal ownership.

(b) Community-owned resources – including village land (pasture land, cremation ground, pond, etc.), city public park, picnic spot, playground, etc.

Two objectives of conservation of resources-

(a) Its first objective is that the present generation should get all these resources like railway lines, all minerals, water resources, forests, government land, and government buildings, etc.

(b) International resources – open ocean resources beyond a distance of 200 km authorized by international organizations.

How many types of resources are there on the basis of the level of development?

Answer – On the basis of the level of development, the following are the types of resources- (a) potential resources, (b) developed resources.

Potential resources are those resources that are present in any state but are not consumed, such as solar energy in Rajasthan and wind power in Gujarat, but they have not been properly developed yet. Those resources which have been evaluated and are being used are called developed resources.

12 What is meant by conservation of resources? State two objectives of conservation of resources.

Answer – The judicious and planned use of natural resources is called the conservation of resources.

(b) Its second main objective is that we should keep in mind the interests of our generation as well as fulfill the needs and aspirations of future generations.

13 When and why did the Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro take place?

Answer- The Earth Conference of Rio de Janeiro was held in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro in 1992 to think about the 21st century for sustainable development of countries around the world. In this, it was decided how to deal with environmental damage, poverty, and diseases through cooperation according to common interests, mutual needs, and shared responsibilities.

14 What is resource planning? Describe the steps of resource planning in India. Or, What is meant by resource planning? resource planningMention the two levels.

Ans- The planned and judicious use of resources is known as resource planning. Planning of resources is necessary for the following two reasons-

(a) the amount of resources is limited,

(b) Distribution of resources is unequal.

Resource planning is a complex process, which consists of the following steps:

(a) Identifying resources in different regions of the country and making their table. In this work, field surveys, map making, and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of resources are done.

(b) To create appropriate technology, skill, and institutional planning framework for implementing resource development plans.

15 Write the main characteristics of alluvial soil?

Answer – Alluvial soils are very fertile. Most of the alluvial soils are rich in potash, phosphorus, and lime, which makes them suitable for the cultivation of sugarcane, rice, wheat, and other cereals and pulses. Due to high fertility, intensive agriculture is done in areas with alluvial soil and population density is also high here. The soils of dry areas are more alkaline. By proper treatment and irrigation of these soils, their yield can be increased.

Explain the difference between Khadar and Bangar soil.

Answer – Difference between Bangar and Khadar – Khadar

Khadar	Bangar
(a) The new alluvium in the Ganga plain is called Khadar.	(a) In the Ganga plain, the old is called Bangar.
(b) At the time of the flood, the river spreads over the whole area, and a new alluvial layer gets deposited.	(b) Due to the continuous accumulation of alluvium, this deposit becomes high like a platform, and flood water cannot reach here.
(c) It is more fertile.	(c) It is less fertile.
(d) It is an integral part of the flood plain.	(d) It is an elevated piece of land separated from the floodplain.

Differentiate between red soils and laterite soils.

Answer- Difference between red soils and laterite soils-

red clay	laterite soils
(a) The soils made of igneous and metamorphic rocks are called red soils.	(a) The soil formed by the process of leaching in tropical areas of heavy rainfall is called laterite soil.
(b) Iron, aluminum, and lime are present in these soils.	(b) Lime and magnesium are very less in these soils.
(c) Phosphorus and vegetation are less in these soils.	(c) Phosphoric acid content is high in these soils.
(d) Red soil is more fertile than laterite soil.	(d) This soil is very less fertile.

Explain the difference between natural and man-made resources.

Answer- Difference between natural resources and man-made resources-

natural resources	man-made resources
(a) The resources provided by nature are called natural resources.	(a) The resources developed by humans are called man-made resources.
(b) Land, water, minerals, and forests are natural resources.	(b) Engineering, technology, machines, buildings, roads, railways, paintings. and social institutions, human

Explain the difference between biotic and abiotic resources.

Answer- Difference between biotic and abiotic resources-

biological resources	abiotic resources
(a) All the living elements of the environment and the resources obtained from them are called biotic resources.	(a) All the non-living elements of the environment are called abiotic resources. Is.
(b) These are complementary resources.	(b) It is of both supply and non-supply types.
(c) Vegetation, coal, organic manure, mineral oil, and animals are its main examples.	(c) Land, soil, light, air, water, iron, gold, etc. are its main examples.

Explain the difference between renewable resources and non-renewable resources.

Answer- Difference between renewable and non-renewable resources-

renewable resources	non-renewable resources
(a) They can be used again and again.	(a) Once used, they cannot be used again.
(b) Examples of renewable resources are water, plants, animals, and wind energy.	(b) Non-renewable resources include minerals.

21. Need resources and development? What things should we keep in mind while using the resources or what steps should be taken to conserve the resources?

Answer – While using the resources, we should keep the following things in mind-

(a) While using natural resources, we should keep in mind their nature, types, and deposits of deposits. (b) If the stocks are limited, we will get some quantity of them in the future and

Must be preserved for future generations. (c) Resources like ocean water, solar energy, and climate are renewable. These are the best gifts of nature. We should see that they are not misused.

(d) Non-renewable resources should be used only in reasonable amounts.

(e) recycling or reuse of waste materials.

(f) Strict enforcement of rules of conservation.

What problems can arise due to the indiscriminate use of resources?

Answer-Resources are a great gift of nature, which is very important for the existence and development of human beings, but if they are used indiscriminately, it can create many problems- (a) The first problem that will arise is that our resources Quickly. Will go on end.

(b) The second problem will be that due to their greed, social classes will establish dominance over these resources while other social classes will be deprived of their use. The result of this will be that society will be divided into two classes resource rich and resource poor or rich and poor.

(c) Indiscriminate use of resources will cause many global problems such as environmental pollution, land degradation, increase in global warming, and disappearance of the ozone layer. All these things can lead to the destruction of human beings.

3. Give a brief account of the major types of soils found in India. OR Write in brief the distribution of alluvial and black soils in India.

Answer – In a vast country like India, many types of soils are found such as laterite soil, red soil, alluvial soil etc.

Alluvial soil- Alluvial soil is found in a large area of the country. It is mainly found in northern plains, coastal plains and especially in the Chhattisgarh basin. This soil is very fertile and is very useful for agriculture. This soil is formed from the materials (i.e. sand, silt, clay, etc.) brought by the continuously flowing rivers. Such soil is mostly found in the valleys of rivers like Sutlej, Ganga Brahmaputra (which flows in north-eastern India), Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri (which flows in Tamil Nadu). The alluvial soil of the northern plains is of two types – Bangar and Khadar.

Black soil – It is made from the spread of lava, hence its color is black. Black soil is found in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Kathiawar (Gujarat), Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Black soil is also called regur soil. Somewhere this soil is deep and somewhere less deep. This soil is very fertile and especially useful for cotton cultivation. The production of pulses etc. is best in this soil.

Red and yellow soil- Iron content is more in this soil, hence its color is red. This soil is found in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Jharkhand. Its development is due to the effect of water vapor changes from the rocks found on the plateaus. This soil is fertile. and is suitable for agriculture. Red soil is found in the following parts-

Laterite Soil- Laterite soil is mainly found in the hills of Deccan, Karnataka, Kerala, Orissa, Assam, and some parts of Meghalaya. This type of soil is formed as a result of an intense leaching process due to excessive rainfall. It looks like a red layer lying on the surface of the soil and due to not being suitable for agriculture, it has been considered more suitable for afforestation. Forests of eucalyptus, cashew, and many other trees have been planted in the areas of this soil.

Mountain and forest soil- These types of soils are mostly found in mountainous areas. Such soils are formed by the accumulation of vegetative and organic parts. These differ from one place to another. spread of these types of soils

Can be seen in hilly states especially Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, the eastern ranges of Arunachal Pradesh, and Meghalaya. Desert soil – Such soils are found in arid and semi-arid regions. Such soil has more sand particles, so it is not as fertile. But with the availability of irrigation facilities, these soils can also be used, as is being done in the Ganganagar region of Rajasthan. Desert soils are found in a wide area of Rajasthan, Punjab, and Haryana.

Class 10 Geography Solution

Chapter 1 Resource and Development

Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources (Extra Questions for Forest and Wildlife Resources)

Chapter 3 Water Resources (Extra Questions for Water Resources)

Chapter 4 Agriculture (Extra Questions for Agriculture)

Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources (Extra Questions for Minerals and Energy Resources)

Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries (Extra Questions for Manufacturing Industries)

Chapter 7 Lifelines of the National Economy

FAQs

Q. Write two characteristics of laterite soil.

Answer- Two characteristics of laterite soil-
(a) It has a low content of lime and magnesium.
(b) Nitrogen deficiency and phosphoric acid content are high.

Q. Black soil is suitable for which crops?

Answer- Black soil is suitable for crops like cotton, oilseeds, etc.

Q. In which states of India black soil is found?

Answer- Black soil is found in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, etc.

Q. How is red soil formed?

Answer – Red soil is made up of weathered rocks like granite and gneiss. Due to the excess of iron compounds, its color is red.

Q. In which province terrace farming is done?

In North India, terraced or step farming is done in Uttarakhand.

Q. What is uplifted land?

Answer- The flowing water cuts the soil and makes deep channels which are known as depressions. Such land does not remain cultivable, hence it is known as Utkhat land.

Ncert Resources and Development Class 10 notes Geography Chapter 1 Question Answer

Ncert Resources and Development Class 10 notes Geography Chapter 1 Question Answer

very short answers type questions

Short answer Type questions

Class 10 Geography Solution

FAQs

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